1. Number Sense and Place Value (≈ 4 weeks)
Reading and writing numbers up to 99,999 in both Indian and International systems. Understanding place value from ones to ten-thousands, expanded form, face value vs. place value, comparing and ordering large numbers, forming smallest and largest numbers from given digits, rounding to the nearest 10 and 100, and recognizing odd/even numbers. Introduction to Roman numerals up to 39.
2. Addition and Subtraction (≈ 3 weeks)
Addition and subtraction of 4- and 5-digit numbers with and without regrouping. Estimation before computing, properties of addition (order and grouping), checking subtraction using addition, and mental math strategies (adding in parts, compensation). Multi-step word problems involving money, distance, and everyday situations.
3. Multiplication (≈ 4 weeks)
Mastery of multiplication tables up to 15. Multiplication of 2-digit and 3-digit numbers by 1-digit and 2-digit multipliers using both the standard algorithm and lattice/box methods. Properties of multiplication (commutative, associative, identity, multiplication by 0 and 1, multiplication by 10, 100, 1000). Estimation of products and word problems involving price, quantity, and repeated groups.
4. Division (≈ 4 weeks)
Division as equal sharing and as repeated subtraction. Relationship between multiplication and division (fact families). Long division by 1-digit divisors with and without remainder, division of 2- and 3-digit numbers, division by 10 and 100, checking division using the formula Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder. Word problems on grouping, distribution, and unit rate.
5. Fractions (≈ 3 weeks)
Fractions as equal parts of a whole and of a collection. Halves, thirds, quarters, and other unit fractions. Numerator and denominator. Equivalent fractions through visual models (paper folding, shaded figures). Like and unlike fractions, comparing fractions with the same denominator, and simple addition and subtraction of like fractions. Application in sharing food, dividing shapes, and reading measurements.
6. Measurement — Length (≈ 2 weeks)
Standard units of length: millimeter, centimeter, meter, kilometer. Choosing appropriate units for different objects, measuring with rulers and tape measures, converting between units (m to cm, km to m), and solving word problems involving distance, height, and the perimeter of paths.
7. Measurement — Weight (≈ 1.5 weeks)
Units of weight: gram and kilogram. Reading different types of weighing scales, estimation of weight, conversion between g and kg, and word problems based on shopping lists, balance problems, and recipes.
8. Measurement — Capacity (≈ 1.5 weeks)
Units of capacity: milliliter and liter. Estimating and measuring liquids, conversion between ml and l, and word problems on filling, pouring, and mixing.
9. Measurement — Time (≈ 2 weeks)
Reading time on analog and digital clocks to the minute. Converting between 12-hour and 24-hour formats, a.m. and p.m. notation, calculating duration (elapsed time), units of time (seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years), leap year rule, and calendar reading.
10. Money (≈ 1.5 weeks)
Rupees and paise notation, converting rupees to paise and back, addition and subtraction of money amounts, making bills, giving change, and word problems on buying, selling, profit, and budgeting in simple contexts.
11. Geometry — 2D Shapes (≈ 2 weeks)
Identifying and classifying triangles, squares, rectangles, circles, and other polygons. Sides, corners (vertices), and diagonals. Concept of line, line segment, ray, and angle (introduced informally as a corner). Symmetry — lines of symmetry in shapes and in the environment. Tiling and tessellation.
12. Geometry — 3D Shapes and Views (≈ 1.5 weeks)
Identifying cubes, cuboids, cylinders, cones, and spheres in real objects. Faces, edges, and vertices of solids (informal count). Top view, front view, and side view of objects. Simple nets of cubes and cuboids.
13. Geometry — Circles (≈ 1 week)
A circle is a curved shape with equal distance from the center. Vocabulary: center, radius, boundary (circumference, introduced informally). Drawing circles using a compass or round objects.
14. Perimeter and Area (≈ 2 weeks)
Perimeter as distance around a closed shape. Finding perimeter by adding side lengths for triangles, squares, and rectangles. Area as space inside a shape, measured by counting unit squares on a grid. Comparing areas of irregular shapes by overlay and counting.
15. Patterns (≈ 1.5 weeks)
Number patterns (arithmetic sequences, skip counting, odd/even progressions), shape patterns (growing and repeating), rotational patterns, and symmetry patterns. Identifying the rule of a pattern and extending or creating one. Simple magic squares and number puzzles.
16. Spatial Understanding and Maps (≈ 1 week)
Reading and drawing simple maps with a key, giving directions (left, right, straight, north, south), locating places on a grid, and understanding scale in an intuitive way.
17. Data Handling (≈ 2 weeks)
Collecting data through simple surveys. Organizing data using tally marks and frequency tables. Reading and drawing pictographs with scale (1 picture = 2, 5, 10 units). Reading and drawing simple bar graphs. Answering interpretation questions (most, least, total, difference).
18. Mental Math and Problem Solving (ongoing, ≈ 10 min daily)
Not a separate unit but integrated throughout the year. Daily oral drills on tables, addition and subtraction facts, estimation, and one-step word problems. Weekly logic puzzles, number games, and Vedic-style quick computation tricks.
19. Revision and Assessment Buffer (≈ 4 weeks total across the year)
Built-in time for Periodic Tests (July, December), Half-Yearly revision (September), and Annual Exam preparation (February–March).