Class/Grade: II (Age group: 7–8 years)
Subject: Mathematics (गणित)
Topic: Fractions and Introduction to Decimals (भिन्न और दशमलव का परिचय) – Basic fractions (halves, quarters) and linking to simple decimals (tenths, like money or 0.5 for half)
Method: Bilingual (Hindi-English Parallel Approach) – Hindi for explanations, fun stories, and confidence-building; English for key terms and simple sentences.
Duration: 45–50 minutes (playful and hands-on for young learners)
Board Alignment: Suitable for CBSE/NCERT/State Boards – Basic sharing (fractions) and simple money/measurement intro (decimals as "point" numbers)
Learning Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
- Recognize simple fractions (half, quarter) as parts of a whole.
- Understand basic decimals like 0.5 (half) and 0.25 (quarter) in real life (e.g., money, measurement).
- Link fractions to decimals (e.g., 1/2 = 0.5).
- Shade/draw simple fractions and read basic decimals.
- Say simple sentences about fractions/decimals in English with Hindi support.
Key Vocabulary (Very simple with Hindi meanings)
- Fraction (भिन्न) – Part of whole
- Half (आधा) – 1/2
- Quarter (चौथाई) – 1/4
- Whole (पूर्ण) – Full thing
- Part (भाग) – Piece
- Decimal (दशमलव) – Number with point
- Point (बिंदु) – The dot in 0.5
- Tenth (दसवाँ) – 0.1 or 1/10
- Money (पैसे) – Rupees and paise
- Shade (रंग भरना)
- Equal (बराबर)
- Share (बाँटना)
- Same (समान) – Like 1/2 = 0.5
Materials Required
- Real objects: Apples/bananas (cuttable), chocolate bar, play money (₹1 coins, 50 paise, 25 paise)
- Paper circles/rectangles for folding/shading
- Crayons, big decimal/fraction chart (e.g., 1/2 circle = 0.5)
- Flashcards: 1/2 apple, 0.5 rupee coin, 1/4 pizza
- Number line (0 to 1) with marks at 0.5, 0.25
- Worksheet: Shade fractions, match fraction to decimal (pictures)
Procedure
1. Warm-up (5–7 minutes)
Objective: Fun entry with sharing.
- Greet: "Good morning, little mathematicians! नमस्कार! आज हम बाँटने का मज़ा लेंगे।"
- Story: "एक बड़ा केक है। दो दोस्त बाँटते हैं। हर एक को कितना? (Big cake for two friends. How much each?)" Students: "आधा!" Teacher: "Yes! Half in English. And half is 0.5 also!"
- Show chocolate: Break in half → "This is half fraction (1/2) and half decimal (0.5)."
2. Introduction to Fractions (10 minutes)
Objective: Basic fractions bilingually.
- Explain: "Fraction मतलब whole को equal parts में बाँटना। Fraction is part of whole." Use apple: Cut in 2 → "Half = 1/2 = आधा।" Cut one half into 2 → "Quarter = 1/4 = चौथाई।"
-
Board pictures:
English
Hindi
Picture
Half
आधा
1/2 shaded circle
Quarter
चौथाई
1/4 shaded
- Choral: "Half! आधा!" with actions (hands apart for whole, together for half).
3. Main Activity 1: Hands-on Fractions (10 minutes)
Objective: Play with fractions.
- Groups: Give paper circles/play money.
- Fold into halves → Shade one: "This is half. आधा रंग करो।"
- Fold quarters → "One quarter for you! चौथाई दोस्त को।"
- Share real fruit/chocolate safely (demo): "We share equally – fair fractions!"
4. Main Activity 2: Introduction to Decimals (10–12 minutes)
Objective: Link fractions to decimals simply.
- Explain: "Decimals में point होता है। Like money – 50 paise is half rupee = 0.5." Show coins: ₹1 = whole, 50 paise coin = 0.5 (half), 25 paise = 0.25 (quarter).
- Fun link: "1/2 fraction is same as 0.5 decimal! समान है।"
- Number line: Mark 0 (nothing), 0.5 (half), 1 (whole). Jump to 0.5 → "Half way!"
- Shading: Shade half circle → Write "1/2 or 0.5".
5. Connecting Fractions and Decimals (5 minutes)
Objective: See the link.
- Matching game: Flashcards – Match 1/2 to 0.5 picture, 1/4 to 0.25.
- Pairs: "Tell your friend: Half is 0.5. आधा 0.5 है।"
6. Conclusion and Wrap-up (5 minutes)
- Recap: "What is half in fraction and decimal? आधा भिन्न और दशमलव में क्या?"
- Rhyme: "Half and quarter, fun to share! 0.5 and 0.25, everywhere!"
- Quick share: "I like half because..."
Assessment
- Formative: Observation of folding/shading/matching, oral "half or quarter?"
- Worksheet: Shade 1/2 and 1/4, circle 0.5 for half picture.
- Self-assessment: Thumbs up: "Fractions and decimals are easy!"
Differentiation
- Advanced: Try 0.1 (tenth) with 10 paise.
- Struggling: More Hindi/real objects, focus only on halves.
- Active: Extra sharing games.
Homework
- Draw a circle → Shade half/quarter → Write "1/2 = 0.5" (help from family).
- Find money at home: Show 50 paise = half rupee.
This bilingual lesson makes fractions and simple decimals exciting through food, money, and play, using Hindi for comfort and English for learning! 😊