1. **Number and Operations**:
- Whole numbers: Place value, comparing, ordering, and operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division).
- Fractions: Understanding, comparing, and performing operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of fractions).
- Decimals: Place value, comparing, ordering, and operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division).
- Factors and Multiples: Greatest Common Factor (GCF), Least Common Multiple (LCM), and prime factorization.
- Integers: Introduction to negative numbers, comparing, and basic operations.
2. **Ratios and Proportions**:
- Understanding ratios and equivalent ratios.
- Unit rates and solving problems involving proportions.
- Percentages: Calculating percentages, finding parts, wholes, and percentage increase/decrease.
3. **Expressions and Equations**:
- Introduction to algebraic expressions: Writing, simplifying, and evaluating expressions.
- Solving one-step equations (e.g., x + 5 = 10).
- Understanding variables and their use in formulas.
4. **Geometry**:
- Area: Calculating areas of rectangles, triangles, parallelograms, and trapezoids.
- Perimeter: Finding perimeters of various shapes.
- Volume: Introduction to volume of rectangular prisms.
- Angles: Measuring, classifying, and drawing angles (acute, obtuse, right).
- Coordinate plane: Plotting points, understanding quadrants, and basic graphing.
- Properties of shapes: Triangles, quadrilaterals, and symmetry.
5. **Measurement and Data**:
- Units of measurement: Converting between units (e.g., cm to m, liters to milliliters).
- Data representation: Reading, interpreting, and creating bar graphs, line graphs, and pictographs.
- Measures of central tendency: Mean, median, mode, and range.
- Basic probability: Simple experiments and likelihood.
6. **Problem-Solving and Logical Reasoning**:
- Word problems involving multiple operations and real-life applications.
- Patterns and sequences: Identifying and extending numerical and geometric patterns.
- Logical reasoning: Solving puzzles and basic deductive problems.